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Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2002) - Spratly Islands (2008)

Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2002) z Spratly Islands (2008)

 Turks and Caicos Islands (2002)Spratly Islands (2008)
 Turks and Caicos IslandsSpratly Islands
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Age structure 0-14 years: 32.6% (male 3,101; female 3,004)


15-64 years: 63.6% (male 6,266; female 5,651)


65 years and over: 3.8% (male 319; female 397) (2002 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish -
Airports 8 (2001) 3 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total: 5


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)		 total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 2 (2002)		 total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)
Area total: 430 sq km


land: 430 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total: less than 5 sq km


land: less than 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes 100 or so islets, coral reefs, and sea mounts scattered over an area of nearly 410,000 sq km of the central South China Sea
Area - comparative 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC NA
Background The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands are presently a British overseas territory. The Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs. They are surrounded by rich fishing grounds and potentially by gas and oil deposits. They are claimed in their entirety by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam, while portions are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines. About 45 islands are occupied by relatively small numbers of military forces from China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Brunei has established a fishing zone that overlaps a southern reef but has not made any formal claim.
Birth rate 24.18 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Budget revenues: $47 million


expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997-98 est.)		 -
Capital Grand Turk (Cockburn Town) -
Climate tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry tropical
Coastline 389 km 926 km
Constitution introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988 -
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Spratly Islands
Currency US dollar (USD) -
Death rate 4.38 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Debt - external $NA -
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Disputes - international none all of the Spratly Islands are claimed by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam; parts of them are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines; in 1984, Brunei established an exclusive fishing zone that encompasses Louisa Reef in the southern Spratly Islands but has not publicly claimed the reef; claimants in November 2002 signed the "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea," which has eased tensions but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct"; in March 2005, the national oil companies of China, the Philippines, and Vietnam signed a joint accord to conduct marine seismic activities in the Spratly Islands
Economic aid - recipient $4.1 million (1997) (1997) -
Economy - overview The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the 93,000 visitors in 1998. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts. Economic activity is limited to commercial fishing. The proximity to nearby oil- and gas-producing sedimentary basins suggests the potential for oil and gas deposits, but the region is largely unexplored. There are no reliable estimates of potential reserves. Commercial exploitation has yet to be developed.
Electricity - consumption 4.65 million kWh (2000) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2000) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2000) -
Electricity - production 5 million kWh (2000) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Blue Hills 49 m		 lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Southwest Cay 4 m
Environment - current issues limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater NA
Ethnic groups black -
Exchange rates the US dollar is used -
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Jim POSTON (since 16 December 2002)


head of government: Chief Minister Derek H. TAYLOR (since 31 January 1995)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed chief minister by the governor		 -
Exports $13.7 million (1999) -
Exports - commodities lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells -
Exports - partners US, UK -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus -
GDP purchasing power parity - $128 million (1999 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $7,300 (1999 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 8.7% (1999 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 21 45 N, 71 35 W 8 38 N, 111 55 E
Geography - note about 40 islands (eight inhabited) strategically located near several primary shipping lanes in the central South China Sea; includes numerous small islands, atolls, shoals, and coral reefs
Heliports - 3 (2007)
Highways total: 121 km


paved: 24 km


unpaved: 97 km (2000)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%		 -
Illicit drugs transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe -
Imports $175.6 million (1999) -
Imports - commodities food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials -
Imports - partners US, UK -
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries tourism, offshore financial services -
Infant mortality rate 17.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4% (1995) (1995) -
International organization participation Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau) -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 14 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 0 sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court -
Labor force 4,848 (1990 est.) -
Labor force - by occupation about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services (1997 est.) -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 2.33%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.67% (1998 est.)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
Languages English (official) -
Legal system based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas -
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats, of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 4 March 1999 (next to be held NA 2003)


election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 52.2%, PNP 40.9%, independent 6.9%; seats by party - PDM 9, PNP 4		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 73.76 years


male: 71.59 years


female: 76.03 years (2002 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 98%


male: 99%


female: 98% (1970 est.)		 -
Location Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas Southeastern Asia, group of reefs and islands in the South China Sea, about two-thirds of the way from southern Vietnam to the southern Philippines
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Southeast Asia
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM		 NA
Merchant marine none (2002 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs of which about 45 are claimed and occupied by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam
National holiday Constitution Day, 30 August (1976) -
Nationality noun: none


adjective: none		 -
Natural hazards frequent hurricanes typhoons; numerous reefs and shoals pose a serious maritime hazard
Natural resources spiny lobster, conch fish, guano, undetermined oil and natural gas potential
Net migration rate 12.97 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
People - note destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US -
Political parties and leaders People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Washington MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 18,738 (July 2002 est.) no indigenous inhabitants


note: there are scattered garrisons occupied by personnel of several claimant states
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 3.28% (2002 est.) -
Ports and harbors Grand Turk, Providenciales -
Radio broadcast stations AM 3 (one inactive), FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998) -
Radios 8,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990) -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female


total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2002 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: fair cable and radiotelephone services


domestic: NA


international: 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 3,000 (1994) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (1994) -
Television broadcast stations 0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; cable television is established) (1997) -
Terrain low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps flat
Total fertility rate 3.18 children born/woman (2002 est.) -
Unemployment rate 10% (1997 est.) -
Waterways none -
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